As scientists work to determine why some of the latest climate models suggest the future could be warmer than previously thought, a new study indicates the reason is likely related to challenges simulating the formation and evolution of clouds.

Researchers are using data from Sun-like stars to learn more about solar variability

A team of researchers has developed a method that could enable scientists to accurately forecast ocean acidity up to five years in advance. This would enable fisheries and communities that depend on seafood negatively affected by ocean acidification to adapt to changing conditions in real time, improving economic and food security in the next few decades. 

A climate model simulation of the Early Eocene period roughly 50 million years ago returned temperatures that were too high compared to evidence in the geologic record, suggesting that the model may also project unrealistically high temperatures for the future.

The Arctic Ocean is likely to have its first ice-free summer before 2050, according to an analysis of simulations from more than 40 different climate models. How frequently the sea ice vanishes in the summer depends on the rate of greenhouse gas emissions in the future.