The "waste heat" generated by everyday activities in metropolitan areas alters atmospheric circulation patterns, warming or cooling temperatures across a large region.

Much of the United States has felt winter’s bite this week, with fresh but frigid cold to the east and a weeks-long spell of stagnant, polluted chill to the west.

Two leading climate-change researchers cast new light on one of the most prominent findings of the last major IPCC report, issued in 2007.

New research points to gravity waves, which ripple unseen through the atmosphere, as the culprit in many cases of clear-air turbulence. If those waves can be forecast, the research suggests that planes in many cases could be rerouted around them.